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On 22 July 1971 Salvador Allende and Alejandro Lanusse, the Presidents of Chile and Argentina, signed an arbitration agreement (the (Arbitration Agreement of 1971 )). This agreement related to their dispute over the territorial and maritime boundaries between them, and in particular the title to the Picton, Nueva and Lennox islands near the extreme end of the American continent, which was submitted to binding arbitration under the auspices of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. On 2 May 1977 the court ruled that the islands belonged to Chile (see the (Report and decision of the Court of Arbitration )). On 25 January 1978 Argentina repudiated the arbitration decision and on 22 December 1978 started (and a few hours later aborted) military action to invade both those islands and continental Chile.〔See Argentine newspaper (Clarín ) of Buenos Aires, 20 December 1998〕 == The Court == The British Crown had previously in 1902 and 1966 acted as arbitrator between Chile and Argentina (see Arbitration 1902 (here )), but, given the growing Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute between Argentina and the United Kingdom, the parties agreed to change the statutory framework of the Arbitration. The Arbitration Agreement of 1971 stipulated: * the names of the 5 judges appointed (see the preamble of the Arbitration Agreement): * * Hardy Cross Dillard (United States of America) * * Gerald Fitzmaurice (United Kingdom) * * André Gros (France) * * Charles D. Onyeama (Nigeria) * * Sture Petrén (Sweden) * the region where the court was to define the borderline (A polygon ABCDEF, known as "Hammer", see paragraph 4 of Article 1 of the Arbitration Agreement) * that the final decision would be submitted to the British Crown, which was then to recommend acceptance or rejection of the award of the court but not to modify it (Article XIII of the Arbitration Agreement) * that the Court of Arbitration should reach its conclusions in accordance with the principles of international law. * that each of the Parties should defray its own expenses and one half of the expenses of the Court of Arbitration and of Her Britannic Majesty's Government in relation to the Arbitration. In this way the United Kingdom did not have any influence on the judgement: the procedure, the legal framework, the judges and the matter in dispute had all been defined by both countries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Beagle Channel Arbitration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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